ULWIMI lwesiMandarin lwaBANTU baseTshayina

Ukuqonda ulwimi lwesiMandarin kunye nokubonelela ngeeToliki zesiMandarin zobuGcisa, abaGuquleli kunye neeTranscriptionists

Iinkonzo zoLwimi lwaseMelika (i-AML-Global) iyakuqonda ukubaluleka kokusebenza ngolwimi lwesiMandarin. Ngaphezulu kweKota yeNkulungwane, iiNkonzo zoLwimi lwaseMelika zisebenze ngolwimi lwesiMandarin kunye namakhulu abanye abavela kwihlabathi liphela. Sinikezela ngeenkonzo ezibanzi zolwimi iiyure ezingama-24, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki kwihlabathi jikelele ngokubonelela ngotoliko lwesiMandarin, iinkonzo zokuguqulela kunye noshicilelo kunye namakhulu ezinye iilwimi kunye neziyelelane. Iingcali zethu zeelwimi zizithethi zomthonyama kunye nababhali abajongiweyo, abaqinisekisiweyo, abaqinisekiswayo, bavavanyiwe kwaye banamava kwinani lezicwangciso zeshishini elithile. Ulwimi lwesiMandarin lukhethekile kwaye lunemvelaphi kunye neempawu ezithile.

Ulwimi olusemthethweni lwaseTshayina: isiMandarin

Isebenza njengolwimi oluthethwayo lwaseTshayina, isiMandarin lolona lwimi luthethwayo kwihlabathi jikelele olunabantu abazizigidi ezingama-885 kwihlabathi liphela. IsiMandarin sibhekisa kwisiShayina esiMiselweyo kwaye sisekwe kulwimi lwengingqi lwesiMandarin oluthethwa eBeijing, ulwimi olusemthethweni lwaseTshayina kunye nolunye lweelwimi ezine ezisemthethweni zaseSingapore. Njengoninzi lweziyelelane ezinkulu, kukho impikiswano malunga nokuba isiMandarin sisidityana okanye ulwimi olukhethekileyo. Oku kunento yokwenza nolwahlulo lwangoku lolwimi lwesiTshayina ngakumbi isiCantonese kunye nendlela ulwimi lwesiTshayina oluphuhliswe ngayo kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ezathi zavela ngayo iziyelelane zesiTshayina esiDala kunye nesiTshayina esiMbindi. Kuba isiMandarin lolona lwimi luthethwayo kwihlabathi, umguquleli ofanelekileyo, ozalelwa ukuthetha isiMandarin, ubalulekile xa uqhuba ishishini kwihlabathi liphela.

I-China kunye nendima yayo eNtsha njengaMandla aPhezulu

Ukhenketho e-China luye lwagqabhuka ukususela oko ii-Olimpiki zika-2008 zathatha ihlabathi lezemidlalo ngoqhwithela kunye nomboniso omangalisayo womsitho wokuvula wothusa ababukeli. Kwi-9.6 yezigidi zeekhilomitha zeekhilomitha, iRiphabhlikhi yaBantu baseTshayina lilizwe lesithathu okanye lesine ngobukhulu kwihlabathi ngommandla opheleleyo, kunye nesibini ngobukhulu ngokomhlaba. Iphethe abona bantu baninzi babantu naphi na emhlabeni kwaye ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe ibe ngamandla amakhulu kunye nemizi-mveliso yayo yemveliso esebenzayo. I-China ikhuthele ekuphuhliseni i-software yayo, i-semiconductor kunye nemizi-mveliso yamandla ukukhuphisana ne-US, kubandakanywa amandla ahlaziyekayo afana namanzi, umoya kunye namandla elanga. Kwiinzame zokunciphisa ungcoliseko oluvela kwizityalo ezitshisa amalahle (iRed Herring yengxoxo yokufudumala kwehlabathi), i-China ibinguvulindlela wokusasazwa kwezixhobo zenyukliya, ezisebenza ngokupholileyo nezikhuselekileyo, singasathethi ke ngongcoliseko oluncinane kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba iChina ikwincopho yokuba ngamandla amakhulu, ingqalelo yehlabathi igxile kwintengiso nakuqoqosho kunye nendlela elichaphazela ngayo amanye amazwe amakhulu. I-China ikwaxhasa ishishini labakhenkethi elikhulu, elinezixeko ezifana neShanghai neBeijing ezibonelela ngezigidi zabakhenkethi bamazwe ngamazwe ngonyaka. Impumelelo yee-Olimpiki ze-2008 ithumele umyalezo kwihlabathi ukuba iChina ikulungele ukukhokela kwaye ithathe indawo yayo phakathi kwezizwe ezinamandla kakhulu kwihlabathi.

IsiMandarin kunye nokufana kwayo nesiNgesi

I-Mandarin ifana nesiNgesi kwiimpawu zayo ezininzi ze-syntactic. Idla ngokwenza izivakalisi ngokuchaza intloko ize ilandele ngesivisa. Isivisa sisenokuba sisenzi esingaguquguqukiyo, isenzi esiguqukayo silandelwa yinto-ngqo, isenzi sonxulumaniso silandelwa sisivakalisi sotyumbo, njl. njl. IsiMandarin sahlukile kwisiNgesi kuba sibumba olunye uhlobo lwesivakalisi ngokuchaza isihloko size silandele ngamagqabantshintshi. . IsiMandarin siyahluka kwisiNgesi ekwahluleni phakathi kwamagama ezinto, ezinokuma njengezibizo zesivisa, kunye namagama eempawu. IsiMandarin ayinayo ixesha. Endaweni yoko isebenzisa indibaniselwano yeempawu zembonakalo kunye neziphawuli zemodyuli.

Ngubani oza kumthemba ngeeMfuno zakho eziBalulekileyo zoLwimi lwesiMandarin?

Ulwimi lwesiMandarin lulwimi olubalulekileyo ehlabathini lonke. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ubume ngokubanzi kunye nee-idiosyncrasies ezithile zesiMandarin. Ukusukela ngo-1985, i-AML-Global iye yabonelela ngeetoliki, abaguquleli kunye nabakhutshelweyo beMandarin abagqwesileyo kwihlabathi jikelele.